Public expenditure examines spending across various sectors over a span of 27 years, providing a comprehensive overview of how fiscal policies influence different areas of society. This book sheds light on the components, structure, and growth of public expenditure in relation to the economic growth of peninsular Malaysia, highlighting the intricate relationship between government funding and national development. It draws upon two significant theories: Adolph Wagner’s theory, which posits that as a nation develops, its public expenditure naturally increases, and the Keynesian hypothesis that emphasizes the importance of government intervention during economic downturns. With these frameworks guiding our analysis, the authors have made a concerted effort to present the themes in a clear and accessible manner, ensuring that complex ideas are understandable to a broad audience. It is specifically designed to meet the needs of undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as policymakers in Malaysia, equipping them with the knowledge necessary to navigate the complexities of public finance and its implications for strategic decision-making.